Health Outcomes

• Neurological/Cognitive outcomes

Health Outcome List:

• Reviewed publications that examined — neurological/cognitive outcomes (ADHD)

Environmental Agents

List of Environmental Agents:

• Not available

Source of Environmental Agents:

• Not available

Economic Evaluation / Methods and Source

Type:

• Cost analysis (CA)

Cost Measures:

• Reviewed publications that examined the following costs — healthcare costs (inpatient, outpatient)
• treatment costs (pharmacological treatment costs, psychosocial mental health treatment)
• educational costs (special education services)
• costs related to crime and delinquency (juvenile justice system utilization)

Potential Cost Measures:

• Impacts of ADHD children on parental and family function (e.g., distress depression, substance use)
• costs associated with disability/welfare for individuals within ADHD families
• costs associated with substance abuse/use
• costs associated with risky behaviors

Benefits Measures:

• Not available

Potential Benefits Measures:

• Not available

Location:

• Not available

Models Used:

• Not available

Models References:

• Not available

Methods Used:

• The authors performed a review of aggregated data from recently published articles that studied the economic costs of ADHD. The authors — 1) selected thirteen studies based on their relevance to the economic costs associated with ADHD; and 2) provided a summed estimate of total ADHD costs across different sectors (e.g., health/mental health, education, crime and delinquency).

Sources Used:

• Utilization and cost of health care services for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (Guevera et al., 2001); Use and costs of medical care for children and adolescents with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (Leibson et al., 2001); Health care use and costs for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder — national estimates from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (Chan et al., 2002); The attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder paradox — 2. Phenotypic variability in prevalence and cost of comorbidity (Burd et al., 2003a,b); Medical expenditures among children with psychiatric disorders in a Medicaid population (Mandell et al., 2003); Incidence and costs of accidents among attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder patients (Swensen et al., 2004); Cost-effectiveness of ADHD treatments — findings from the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with ADHD (Jensen et al., 2005); Consumer Price Index (2005); additional sources cited in publication

Economic Citation / Fundings

Citation:

• Pelham WE, Foster EM, and Robb JA. The economic impact of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Ambulatory Pediatrics. 2007. 7; Suppl 1.
• Pubmed
• DOI

NIEHS Funding:

• Not available

Other Funding: Not available