Health Outcomes

Health Outcome List:

• Reviewed publications that examined cancer outcomes
• neurological/cognitive outcomes (neurological deficits, children's IQ scores, Parkinson's disease)
• behavioral outcomes (depression, suicides)
• metabolic outcomes (diabetes, body mass index)
• respiratory outcomes (rhinitis, asthma, bronchitis, farmer's lung, wheeze, dyspnea)
• cardiovascular outcomes (myocardial infarction)
• reproductive outcomes (premature/delayed menopause, delayed conception, sperm quality)
• mechanistic outcomes (endocrine performance, women-specific hormonal disorders)
• thyroid dysfunction
• liver outcomes (hepatitis)
• birth outcomes (birth weight, fetal growth)
• other general health outcomes (hearing loss)

Environmental Agents

List of Environmental Agents:

• Reviewed publications that examined pesticides (e.g., chlorinated pesticide compounds, organophosphates, insecticides, and fumigants), and pesticide residues

Source of Environmental Agents:

• Reviewed publications that examined agricultural sources of pesticide exposure, and water or food products contaminated with pesticides (e.g., vegetables, fish, seafood, and dairy products)

Economic Evaluation / Methods and Source

Type:

• Cost-benefit analysis (CBA)

Cost Measures:

• Reviewed publications that examined preference elicitation to reduce pesticide risks (i.e., individuals' willingness to pay (WTP) to reduce or eliminate pesticides use (e.g., WTP for pesticide-free food products, WTP to reduce or eliminate health risks associated with pesticide exposure)
• indirect costs for farmers such as loss of natural enemies, pesticide resistance, and crop losses
• environmental losses
• costs for monitoring and cleaning pesticide-polluted groundwater
• health costs including those for hospitalization due to poisoning, outpatient-treatment of poisonings, pesticide-related cancers and fatalities

Potential Cost Measures:

• Not available

Benefits Measures:

• Reviewed publications that examined private benefits for farmers (e.g., improved productivity
• self-insurance against pest uncertainty), private benefits for consumers

Potential Benefits Measures:

• Not available

Location:

• Not available

Models Used:

• Not available

Models References:

• Not available

Methods Used:

• The authors performed a review of existing literature published from 2000 to 2013 to present the following — 1) health effects of pesticide exposure; 2) preference valuation of health risks related to pesticide use; and 3) discussion of policies related to pesticides and difficulties of evaluating them.

Sources Used:

• Agricultural Health Study Cohort data (Alavanja et al., 2003; 2004); Cancer incidence among glyphosate-exposed pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study (De Roos et al., 2005); Depression and pesticide exposures among private pesticide applicators enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study (Beseler et al., 2008); Prevalence of self-reported diabetes and exposure to organochlorine pesticides among Mexican Americans: Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1982-1984 (Cox et al., 2007); Rhinitis associated with pesticide exposure among commercial pesticide applicators in the Agricultural Health Study (Slager et al., 2009); Pesticide exposure and timing of menopause (Farr et al., 2006); Health impacts of pesticide exposure in a cohort of outdoor workers (Beard et al., 2003); additional sources cited in publication

Economic Citation / Fundings

Citation:

• Tago D, Andersson H, and Treich N. Pesticides and health: a review of evidence on health effects, valuation of risks, and benefit-cost analysis. Adv Health Econ Health Serv Res. 2014. 24.
• Pubmed

NIEHS Funding:

• Not available

Other Funding:

• Agence de l'Eau Adour-Garonne (AEAG); Institut d'Economie Industrielle (IDEI)