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Details

Not available
Authors

Carpi A, Nikulina V, Li X, Widom CS

Journal

PloS One

Summary
This research study seeks to understand the relationship between childhood maltreatment and exposure to household lead pollution as an adult. The authors matched maltreated children with non-abused children, accounting for identify factors and SES, and followed them into adulthood. The authors interviewed the study paticipants and collected dust lead samples from the homes and blood lead samples from the participant periodically. Data was statistically analyzed to determine the correlation between maltreatment in childhood to levels of lead exposure in mid-adulthood. The study found that maltreatment experienced by children predicts the level of lead present in their home environment, three decades later, in middle adulthood.
Population

Abused and neglected children in the county juvenile (family) or adult criminal courts of a Midwestern metropolitan area

Health Outcomes

  • Not available

Health Outcome List:

  • Not available

Environmental Agents

List of Environmental Agents:

  • Lead

Source of Environmental Agents:

  • Gasoline, household paint, and household dust

Economic Evaluation / Methods and Source

Type:

  • Research article

Cost Measures:

  • Not available

Potential Cost Measures:

  • Not available

Benefits Measures:

  • Not available

Potential Benefits Measures:

  • Not available

Location:

  • Not available

Models Used:

  • T-tests for continuous variables and Pearson’s chi-square tests for categorical variables
  • exploratory factor analyses (EFA)
  • oblique rotation and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)
  • structural equation models (SEM)
  • Lavaan (latent variable analysis) with R to test for mediation

Models References:

  • References cited in publication — Lavaan (https://lavaan.ugent.be/tutorial/mediation.html)

Methods Used:

  • The authors — 1) matched abused and neglected children with non-abused and non-neglected children accounting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and family SES, the pairs were followed into adulthood; 2) interviewed the study participants four times, during the interviews, the field interviewers collected dust samples and a nurse collected blood samples; and 3) conducted statistical analyses to determine any correlations between abuse, SES, and lead exposure.

Sources Used:

  • Data collected as part of a large prospective cohort design study (Leventhal, 1982. Schulsinger et al., 1981. Widom, 1989); Census Tract data; Additional sources cited in the publication.

Economic Citation / Fundings

Citation:

  • Carpi A, Nikulina V, Li X, Widom CS. Childhood Maltreatment and Lead Levels in Middle Adulthood: A Prospective Examination of the Roles of Individual Socio-economic and Neighborhood Characteristics. PloS One. 2020. 15; 11.
  • Pubmed
  • DOI

NIEHS Funding:

  • Not available

Other Funding:

  • SC2GM125547